Company Formation

Under art. 124 of the Turkish Commercial Code, a limited liability company requires at least one shareholder and 10,000 TRY capital, while a joint-stock company requires at least one shareholder and 250,000 TRY capital (arts. 580 and 332). JSC shares are generally freely transferable; LLC transfers require notarisation and a general assembly resolution. Tax and governance structures also differ. The outcome depends on the specific evidence and the court's assessment; consult an attorney for your individual situation.

Required steps include drafting the articles of association, online MERSİS application, notarisation, capital subscription document, tax office and trade registry filings (Turkish Commercial Code arts. 335 and 587). Foreign-capital companies make additional notifications under the Foreign Direct Investment Law. Bank, Social Security and electronic notification registrations are completed after formation. The outcome depends on the specific evidence and the court's assessment; consult an attorney for your individual situation.